TRICHOMONOSIS

Trichomonosis is caused by the single cell parasite Trichomonas gallinae. It is also known as 'pigeon canker'. This reflects the fact that pigeons and doves appear the most susceptible to this disease and are the main carriers. Other species of birds, including other garden birds, game birds and raptors may also be affected. During severe outbreaks, it seems likely that quite high proportions of affected local Collared Dove populations may die, highlighting the particular susceptibility of this species to the disease. Young birds appear more susceptible than adults.

The infection is thought to be spread via food or drinking water freshly contaminated with saliva or (possibly) droppings from an infected individual. Trichomonas appears unable to survive outside of its host for more than a few minutes. Infected individuals may appear lethargic and often dribble or show difficulty in swallowing.

Although the various species of Trichomonas that affect wild birds do not affect mammals, they can cause disease in domestic poultry.

During summer 2005, a small outbreak of the disease was diagnosed in finches. During summer 2006, a larger outbreak of the disease occurred, largely in the West Midlands, the Welsh Borders and the Southwest of England. A second outbreak occurred the following year, this time in Southeast England and East Anglia